晋太宗宣武帝实录18

陈牧:寡人欲幸栎阳游猎,可乎?先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,今收获未毕,非人君顺动之时,且大王万乘之尊,暗行荒野,践深林,涉丰草,非万全之计也,且圣主不乘危,不侥幸,今大王骋六飞,驰不测之山,如有马惊车败,大王纵欲自轻,奈宗庙何?

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:IwanttogohuntinginLiyang,Whatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:Ithink,It‘snottimeforyoutogohuntingbeforetheautumnharvestisover,Youareanobleking,anditisnotsafetogohuntinginthewildernessanddeepforests,Akingshouldnottakechancesandputthemselvesindanger,Nowyougohuntingincasethehorseisfrightenedandthecarisdamaged,Theuntrywillbeunstable。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陈牧:怪哉,今雨雪三日而天不寒,何也?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,非天不寒,乃大王有衣裘故也,且古之贤君,饱而知人之饥,温而知人之寒,逸而知人之劳,今大王不知也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:It‘sweird,Itrainedforthreedaysbutitwasn‘tld,Sirtaughtmewhy。

xiaofan:Ithink,It‘snotthatit‘snotldbutyou‘rewearingthickclothes,Wisekingsinthepastknewthesufferingsofthepeopleandwonderedwhetherthepeoplewerehungryandld,Nowadays,youdon‘tknowverywell。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong。

陈牧:今戎事方兴,而契丹寇边,寡人甚忧之,先生何以教我?

萧凡:臣以为,自古凡备边之策,不过二科,武夫尽征伐之谋,儒生讲和亲之约,今若欲追踪卫、霍,自非大田淮、泗,内实兖、豫,使民有赢储,野有积谷,然后发精卒十万,一举荡夷,则不足为也,若但欲遣军追讨,报其侵暴,则彼必轻骑奔走,不肯会战,徒兴巨费,不损于彼,报复之役,将遂无已,斯策之最末者也,安边固守,于计为长,且斥候之郊,非耕牧之地,故坚壁清野以俟其来,整甲缮兵以乘其弊,保民全境,不出此涂也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

chenmu:Thewa

etweenthekingdomshadjustbegun,andtheKhitansuddenlyinvadedtheborder,Iamverywo

ied,Sirtaughtmewhattodo。

xiaofan:Ithinktherehavebeentwowaystoguardagainstborderaggressionsinceancienttimes,First,thegeneralsadvocatedaunterattack,Send,theministersadvocatema

iage,Ifwewanttoeliminatethem,thenwemustexpandagriculturalproduction,Thentrain100,000elitesoldierstofightagreatarmageddon,Ifitisonlytopursuethemfo

evengeandtheywillnotnecessarilyfight,Thenwewilllosealotofmoneyandfood,andthewarwillbeendless,Soborderdefenseisthemostappropriate,Andthisisnotanagriculturalregion,emptytheperipheryandreorganizethearmamentstowaitforthemtoa

iveandunterattack,Thisisthemostappropriatewaytodefendtheborder。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:敢问先生,何为纳言之政?

萧凡:纳言之政,谓为谏诤,所以采众下之谋也,故君有诤臣,父有诤子,当其不义则诤之,将顺其美,匡救其恶,恶不可顺,美不可逆,顺恶逆美,其国必危,夫人君拒谏,则忠臣不敢进其谋,而邪臣专行其政,此为国之害也,故有道之国,危言危行,无道之国,危言行孙,上无所闻,下无所说,故孔子不耻下闻,周公不耻下贱,故行成名著,后世以为圣。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:Sirwhatisthepoliticsofadoptingopinions?

xiaofan:Thiskindofpoliticsisadvice,thatis,theadoptionofotherpeople‘sopinions,Thekinghasministers,andthefatherhasthesonsoftheunselors,Iftheydon‘tdoitright,theyhavetogotourt,Whatisrightshouldbesupported,andwhatiswrongshouldbeopposed,nversely,theuntryisindanger,Thekingrefusedtobensultedbyhisloyalists,Thenthetraitorswillntrolthegovernmentandcausechaosintheuntry,Gooduntrieswillacceptadvice,baduntrieswilldotheopposite。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:敢问先生,何为考黜之政?

萧凡:考黜之政,谓迁善黜恶,明主在上,心昭在上,察知善恶,广及四海,不敢遗小国之臣,下及庶人,进用贤良,退去贪懦,明良上下,企及国理,众贤雨集,此所以劝善黜恶,陈之休咎,故考黜之政,务知人之所苦也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:IwouldliketoaskSirwhatisaperformanceappraisal?

xiaofan:Theappraisalofpoliticalperformanceistoselecttalentsanddismisstraitors,Wisekingscandistinguishbetweengoodandevilintheworld,Evenministersandpeopleofsmalluntriesmaybeselected,Thepurposeofselectingtalentsanddismissingtraitorsistopunishevilandpromotegood,Theperformanceappraisalmustunderstandthesufferingofthepeople。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:今燕地初平,而先老消落,后生不识,慕恋之心,日远日忘矣,寡人甚伤之,先生何以教我?

萧凡:臣以为,婴儿之失其母也,使婢妾饲之,受其狎侮,未尝不泣也,已而听之矣,已而安之矣,已而语之以母而不信矣,过墓而若有若无,且归而亟依婢妾矣,夫人至忘其母而不知悲,则仅留之家老,垂死而有余哀也,今大王克有燕地,正是大行教化之时,切勿做女儿态。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

chenmu:NowtheYanKingdomhasjustbeenpacified,Buttheoldpeoplehavepassedawayandthenewpeopledon‘tknowus,andtheyfeellessandlessclosetous,Iamverysadaboutthis,Sirtoldmewhattodo?

xiaofan:Ithink,Babieslosetheirparentsandareraisedbyservants,Babieswerebulliedbyservantsandoftencried,Overtime,theygetusedtoit,Tellthemthetruthatthistime,theydon‘tbelieveitanymore,Theywouldtreattheirservantsastheirownparents,whichwasasadthing,NowthatyouhaveoccupiedtheYanKingdom,itisthetimetopromoteindoctrination,Don‘tbeoverlysadlikealittlegirl。

chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人欲营园田,以收其利,可乎?先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,天地无私,故能覆载,王者无私,故能容养,今大王万盛之尊,万方所则,而营立私田,畜养鸡犬,乃至酤贩市廛,与民争利,谤声流布,不可追掩,夫天下者,大王之天下,富有四海,何求而无,乃与贩夫贩妇竞此尺寸之利乎!昔虢之将亡,神赐之土田,汉灵帝私立府藏,皆有颠覆之祸,前鉴若此,甚可畏也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣,当为卿改之。

chenmu:Iwanttobuysomelandtollecttherent,Sirthinksso?

xiaofan:Ithink,Heavenandearthareselfless,sotheycanca

yallthings,Thekingisselfless,sohecantoleratetheworld,Nowyouareanobleking,andthewholeworldisfollowingyourexample,Instead,youbuyfarmproductsand

eedchickensanddogs,Evenifyoudobusiness,thepurposeistopetewiththepeopleforinterests,Thisisveryso

yandcheapthing,ThelastemperoroftheHanDynastydidthesame,andeventuallyheledtheuntrytoextinction,Youshouldlearnthelessonandbeafraid。

chenmu:Sirisright,Iwaswrong,Iwill

ectitforsir。

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